![]() ![]() Certainty of evidence was downgraded for limitations in study design, imprecision and for inconsistency of effects. Due to heterogeneity, meta-analysis was not possible and data were reported from single trials. Trials examined a range of interventions: cabbage leaves, various herbal compresses (ginger, cactus and aloe, hollyhock), massage (manual, electromechanical, Oketani), acupuncture, ultrasound, acupressure, scraping therapy, cold packs, and medical treatments (serrapeptase, protease, oxytocin). Six studies used individual breasts as the unit of analysis. There is some evidence to suggest that some treatments may be promising for the treatment of breast engorgement, such as cabbage leaves, cold gel packs, herbal compresses and massage, but more studies are needed for the true effect of these interventions to be known.įor this udpate, we included 21 studies (2170 women randomised) conducted in a variety of settings. No women experienced adverse events in any of the groups receiving medication (low-certainty evidence) and 2/250 women receiving herbal compress treatment experienced skin irritation compared to 0/250 in the hot compress group (moderate-certainty evidence). There may be little difference in women’s satisfaction between cold gel packs and routine care. More women were satisfied with cold cabbage leaves than with routine care, or with cold gel packs. ![]() In terms of women’s opinion of treatment, the certainty of evidence was low. We are uncertain if more women stop breastfeeding following cold gel pack treatment compared to routine care because the certainty of evidence was low. For breast hardness, cold gel packs may be better than routine care. We are uncertain if serrapeptase reduces breast pain or swelling, or if oxytocin reduces breast engorgement compared to placebo, because the certainty of evidence was low.įor breast pain, we are uncertain about the effectiveness of cold gel packs compared to control treatments because the certainty of evidence was low. Protease may be better for breast pain and breast swelling, whereas serrapeptase may be better for engorgement compared to placebo. We are uncertain about the effects of compress treatments on breast engorgement and stopping breastfeeding because the certainty of evidence was very low. Massage plus cactus/aloe cold compress may be better for breast hardness compared to massage alone. Cactus/aloe compress may be better for breast hardness compared to massage therapy. We are uncertain if cactus/aloe compress is better than massage therapy because the certainty of evidence was low. We are uncertain if cabbage leaf extract cream is better than placebo cream because the certainty of evidence was low.įor breast pain, herbal compress may be better than hot compress and massage therapy plus cactus/aloe compress may be better than massage therapy alone. ![]() For breast engorgement, room temperature cabbage leaves may be better than a hot water bag. For breast hardness, cold cabbage leaves may be better than routine care but we are uncertain if they are better than cold gel packs. We are uncertain whether cold cabbage leaves are better than room temperature cabbage leaves, or room temperature cabbage leaves than hot water bag, or cabbage leaf extract cream than placebo cream because the certainty of evidence was low. We found 21 studies involving 2170 women and 17 different interventions.įor breast pain, cold cabbage leaves may be better than routine care or cold gel packs. Consistent evidence on effective forms of treatment is lacking.įor this update, we searched for trials (on 2 October 2019) exploring any treatments for breast engorgement in breastfeeding women. Consequently, women may stop breastfeeding. This leads to breasts not being emptied sufficiently.īreast engorgement is distressing and leads to complications such as inflammation of the breast, sore/cracked nipples and reduced milk supply. Engorgement is more common when feeding is scheduled, when women have difficulty breastfeeding or are separated from their babies. Breast engorgement is the overfilling of breasts with milk, leading to swollen, hard, painful breasts. ![]()
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